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The M7 Clem Jones Tunnel (CLEM7), known during its development as the North-South Bypass Tunnel (NSBT), is a A$3.2 billion motorway grade toll road under the Brisbane River, between Woolloongabba and Bowen Hills in Brisbane, Queensland. The tunnel was progressively opened to traffic from late on 15 March 2010 until just after midnight on 16 March 2010. It was completely open by 12:02 am. The tunnel was originally proposed by Labor Lord Mayor Jim Soorley in 2001, and was incorporated into the Liberal Party candidate Campbell Newman's five tunnel vision, called TransApex, in 2002. In December 2007, Brisbane City Council decided to name the tunnel the Clem Jones Tunnel in honour of the former lord mayor. On 16 July 2008, the Government of Queensland announced that the tunnel "heralds Queensland’s newest motorway - the M7". The motorway also includes the Airport Link tunnel. It is Brisbane’s first privately financed inner city toll road,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=North-South Bypass Tunnel )〕〔 the city's largest road infrastructure project and one of Queensland's largest infrastructure projects. With a length of it was the longest road tunnel in the country until the Airport Link tunnel was completed.〔 Construction bids were provided by a tender process in which RiverCity Motorway was selected over the Brisconnections consortium. The project commenced in September 2006, with tunneling using two very large boring machines completed by May 2009. The tunnel is tolled via an electronic tolling system. It includes extensive safety systems, a traffic control centre and speed cameras. The price of the toll has been criticised as too expensive and the ventilation stacks as too intrusive.〔 Patronage decreased by more than 65% in the week following the introduction of a reduced toll period, and remains considerably lower than predicted volumes. Despite being completed on time and on budget, the tunnel has been an economic failure due to incorrect predictions of traffic volume. RiverCity Motorway did not collect enough tolls to pay the interest on its $1.3 billion debt and went into receivership. With no hope of profit and therefore no dividend, RiverCity Motorways shares are now worthless, costing investors millions. In December 2013, Queensland Motorways, operator of the Gateway and Logan motorways, took over tolling and operation.〔http://www.qldmotorways.com.au/media/News.aspx?NewsCode=503〕 In July 2014, Queensland Motorways was acquired by a consortium led by toll road operator Transurban, which now manages and operates the tunnel. ==Design== The motorway is designed to alleviate traffic congestion in the rapidly growing city, especially in the congested central business district and Fortitude Valley.〔 The major benefit of the toll road is that it bypasses 24 sets of traffic lights, potentially saving 15 minutes of travel time, and provides an additional Brisbane River crossing. The concrete road includes of tunnel and 18 bridges. It has two lanes of traffic in each direction via parallel tubes.〔Project Update December 2009. Retrieved 16 December 2009.〕 There are 41 cross-passages spaced every in the tunnel for use in emergencies.〔 Access from the southern end is via Shaftson Avenue, Ipswich Road and the Pacific Motorway.〔 Northern connections include Lutwyche Road, the Inner City Bypass and the Airport Link tunnel.〔 There is a smoke reduction ceiling to rapidly draw out smoke in case of a fire or explosion. The ventilation system incorporates 100 jet fans.〔 The speed limit is 〔 and there are 165 emergency phones.〔 〕 The eight speed cameras form Queensland's highest concentration of fixed speed detection devices and have been justified as a way of reducing the potential for high-speed crashes. A traffic control centre staffed by 50 personnel continually monitors the tunnel using 250 cameras.〔〔 Steel and aluminium sculptures at the entrances act as transitional light filters. They were designed by architect John Ilett, who also designed the colourful exhaust fume stacks. The red and purple colours were inspired by the jacaranda and poinciana trees.〔 〕 Included in the design are a series of urban enhancements such as parklands and road widening in adjacent suburbs. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Clem Jones Tunnel」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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